Tax System, Rules And Rates In Albania 2012

Taxes in Albania are grouped into three main categories: indirect taxes (VAT, excise duty, gaming and other indirect taxes), direct taxes (income tax, income taxes, capital taxes), taxes local and social security contributions and health. These three categories are under the authority as follows:
National taxes administered by the Tax and Customs Central include:
Indirect taxes include value added tax, excise duties, taxes on gambling, casinos and racetracks;
Direct taxes include income tax, local taxes, other taxes, which are defined as such by special legislation, customs and taxes.
Security and health security, as defined in the social insurance law
Taxes, fees administered by the Local Revenue includes: Local tax on small businesses, Property tax, including the tax on buildings and agricultural land tax on hotel accommodation; tax impact of new buildings on infrastructure, tax on transfer of property right in real estate, tax annual vehicle registration imposed by the occupation of public space levy Board; temporary taxes, registration fee for different activities, and cleaning fee waste disposal, car parking fee, utility rates.
How will the taxation of corporations?Each individual who is a partner in a trading company, is responsible for the tax liability of the company to the tax authorities in accordance with the provisions of the statutes of the company. According to the commercial register, over 95 percent of companies are limited liability companies. All other corporations, partnerships and less than 0.5 is limited company. By the time a company is created and started his business, is responsible for:
- Calculation of VAT and timely reporting and payment;- The payment of the tax in advance for income tax to pay each month;- Calculation, timely reporting and payment of taxes on income from employment for employers and workers;- Calculation, timely filing and payment of social insurance contributions and health;- Monthly tax advance installments in time;- Withholding and payment of withholding tax, the obligation of the Law on Income Tax;- Calculation, timely filing and payment of taxes in accordance with the specific activity to gambling, casinos and racetracks;- Calculation, timely filing and payment of excise duty under the specific duty;- Calculation, timely reporting and payment of national taxes and local taxes.
To calculate taxes, taxpayers who are subject to VAT or income tax accounting records, records, books and financial information and issue tax receipt or coupon tax, according to the relevant laws and regulations thereunder . Taxpayers who keep their accounts in accordance with the provisions of the law "On accounting and financial statements" and act according to that law, in accordance with IFRS. In order to record the financial transactions related to taxes, taxpayers can also use books, records or documents specified in the specific tax laws and regulations pertinent provisions. Taxpayers are required to use the basic documentation, including tax bill, according to the tax laws and the relevant legal provisions.
What tax exemption apply?Taxation of Albania is considered by far one of the most important incentives for foreign investment, as it is the lowest in Europe, however, the tax system, as such, does not discriminate against or in favor of foreign investors.
Similarly, the legislation on public procurement process makes little distinction between foreign and domestic firms, as many activities in Albania require licensing in the territory. The procedures for obtaining a license, however, the same for domestic and foreign companies. The government to date has not always projected foreign investment and little in the way of taxes, special incentives or other financial.
The Value Added TaxMost goods and services are subject to VAT at the standard rate of 20 percent, although some exemptions (such as financial services, postal services, nonprofit organization supplies, packaging and materials used in the production of drugs, supplies electronic and print media for advertising, the provision of services in casinos and racetracks (racetracks), sales of newspapers, magazines and advertising services on them, and certain hydrocarbons operations).
According to the instruction of the Minister of Finance (No. 17 of 2008), the most important incentives for investors in Albania are:
- Tax credit at a rate of 100 percent on importers of machinery and equipment that will fully taxable economic activity;- VAT exemption for international service exports;
The export tax regime can be considered a type of investment incentives for foreign and domestic entrepreneurs, and is applicable to all products intended for export outside the customs territory Albanians of Albania. The rate of VAT on exports is 0 percent. Exporters can benefit from a tax credit for purchases made on behalf of its exports.
In general, if the tax credit for a tax period is greater than the VAT applicable in that period, taxpayers have the right to use the surplus credit for the following fiscal period. Taxpayers are entitled to claim a refund of excess credit when they have a tax credit amount more than three months is over 400,000 Albanian Leks. As indicated above, and since they are essentially exporters, investors are entitled to a refund of VAT on the purchase of domestic products or commodities it is for production purposes.
Corporate taxDefinition of residenceA company is considered resident in Albania if it has its registered office or place of effective management in Albania. In addition, partnerships and legal persons with a permanent establishment in Albania is considered resident taxpayers. Residents must register with the National Registry Center (CNR).
TaxableResidents are taxed on their worldwide income, non-residents are taxed only on their income from sources Albanian.
TaxableThe taxable income of the residents including business benefits, as well as dividends, interest and capital gains. Taxable income is the difference between gross profit and related expenses. The determination of the tax base is generally based on the benefits that appear in the financial statements.
Income Tax RateThe rate of income tax is a flat tax of 10% at January 1, 2008.
Taxation of dividends received by residentsDividend income is considered taxable income, unless the participation exemption or tax treaty relief is applicable.
Participation Exemption: resident companies - Dividends and income distribution are excluded from the taxable profits of a resident when dividends and profits are distributed to resident companies or partnerships:
- They are subject to tax on corporate income, and- The participation of the resident beneficiary comprises at least 25% in value or number of share capital or voting rights, whereas associations at least 25% of the initial capital.
However, if the shareholder has beneficial ownership of less than 25% of the company distributing the dividends included in the taxable income of the receiving partner.
Participation Exemption: Non-resident companies - No participation exemption is in place for the holding of foreign companies. Consequently, the dividends received from foreign companies included in the tax base. Taxation of dividends paid to non-residents - Dividend distribution to a nonresident is subject to a withholding tax of 10%, unless a tax treaty provides for a lower rate.
Capital gainsCapital gains are considered taxable income and taxed along with other income, 10% on a net basis.
LossesLosses can be carried forward for three consecutive years, unless there is a change in ownership of 25% of the shares of the company. Carry-back of losses is not permitted.
No Surtax in Albania.
Alternative Minimum TaxNone
Reign tax creditDouble taxation is avoided through tax treaties. Albania currently has 25 existing treaties with other countries.
Tax Agreements with Albania:Poland (1995), Romania (1995), Malaysia (1995), Hungary (1996), Turkey (1997), Czech Republic (1997), Russian Federation (1998), Macedonia (FYROM) (1999), Croatia (1999) , Italy (2000), Bulgaria (2000), Sweden (2000), Norway (2000), Greece (2001), Malta (2001), Switzerland (2001), Moldova (2004), Belgium (2005), China (2006) , France (2006), The Netherlands (2006), Egypt (2006), Serbia and Montenegro (2006), Korea (2008), Austria (2009) and Latvia (2009).
Holding company regimeNoTax IncentivesReducing income taxes occasionalThe tax shall be granted to selected projects on a case by case basis. These projects may include investments channeled to public services, infrastructure projects and tourism industries and oil.
Withholding taxWithholding tax applies to payments of dividends, interest and royalties, as well as some other types of Albanians source income earned by non-residents.Dividends are subject to withholding tax of 10%, unless the rate is reduced by applicable tax treaty.
Interest is taxed at a rate of 10% withholding tax, unless the rate is reduced by applicable tax treaty.
Royalties are subject to a withholding tax of 10%, unless the rate is reduced by applicable tax treaty.
Other income AlbanianThe withholding tax of 10% applies to the gross amount of: a) fees for technical services, b) management fees, c) payments for the construction, installation, assembly or relevant supervisory work; d) payments hire, e) payment of leisure activities, which are made to non-resident taxpayers.
Filing RequirementsThe withholding tax must be paid no later than the 20th of the month following the month of the consignment which withholding tax assessed. The payer of such amounts is responsible for retaining and paying the tax on behalf of the tax authorities.
Branch remittance taxNone
Other taxes on corporationsDutyNone
Property taxMunicipalities levy based on the occupation of real estate. A property tax on construction projects is applied to the value of a new investment at a rate of 2% to 4% in Tirana and 1% to 3% in other municipalities. Property tax is also applied to agricultural land at prices ranging from 700 to 5,600 ALL per hectare, depending on use. A 50% tax credit may be available for certain rural projects.





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